Agriculture is one of the oblast's basic industries. The agricultural farmlands cover 2775 thousand hectares, it is 28% of the oblast's territory. There operate 594 agricultural companies and 1005 farms.
The region's most important agricultural branch is livestock farming which accounts for a half of the total volume of agricultural products.
By the gross volume of agricultral products the oblast occupies position 27 in the Russian federation and position 9 in the Privolzhsky federal district. Among the regions comprising the Privolzhsky federal district the Kirov oblast is number 4 in meat production, it is number 3 in dairy production, 8th in egg production and 7th in potato harvesting.